We will explain the strength of evidence in litigation involving electronic data and electronic contracts. Regardless of the medium, such as paper or electronic data, a contract whose authenticity is not recognized will not function as evidence in a civil lawsuit. 2-1. There is no difference in the effectiveness of both paper media and electronic data as evidence in civil lawsuits At present, it is believed that there is no difference in the effectiveness of evidence in civil lawsuits, regardless of whether the format is paper media or electronic data. In the first place, there is no law that obligates.
The creation of a contract in a contract, and there is no provision regarding the medium of the contract to be submitted as evidence in a civil lawsuit. In response to the growing need for paperless and non-face-to-face business, electronic contracts are now fully accepted except for some contrn Cambodia phone number list aacts (fixed-term lease contracts, etc.). With the spread of electronic contracts, the number of cases where electronic contracts are treated as evidence in civil lawsuits will also increase. 2-2. “Two-stage presumption” of contracts in civil lawsuits Contracts submitted as evidence in civil lawsuits are recognized as genuine by a “two-stage presumption.
A two-step presumption is to presume the authenticity of a contract based on empirical rules, since it is practically difficult to prove whether or not the signature/seal of the contract was intended by the person. Under the Code of Civil Procedure, there are two conditions under which a "two-stage presumption" is permitted: the "party type" and the "witness type." The basic concept is as follows. If there is an impression of the seal of the party concerned, it shall be deemed that the impression of the seal was manifested by the intention of the party concerned estimation in the second stage.